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Awesome Cryptography
A curated list of cryptography resources and links.
Here you can see meta information about this topic like the time we last updated this page, the original creator of the awesome list and a link to the original GitHub repository.
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Symmetric encryption
Symmetric-key block cipher (or Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), which applies the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher algorithm three times to each data block.
Symmetric-key block cipher algorithm and U.S. government standard for secure and classified data encryption and decryption (also known as Rijndael).
Symmetric-key block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier. Notable features of the design include key-dependent S-boxes and a highly complex key schedule.
Asymmetric encryption
One of the first practical public-key cryptosystems and is widely used for secure data transmission. In RSA, this asymmetry is based on the practical difficulty of factoring the product of two large prime numbers, the factoring problem.
Transform Encryption
Transform encryption uses three mathematically related keys: one to encrypt plaintext to a recipient, a second to decrypt the ciphertext, and a third to transform ciphertext encrypted to one recipient so it can be decrypted by a different recipient.
Hash functions
Widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5 was initially designed to be used as a cryptographic hash function, but it has been found to suffer from extensive vulnerabilities. It can still be used as a checksum to verify data integrity, but only against unintentional corruption.
Cryptographic hash function designed by the NSA. SHA-1 produces a 160-bit hash value known as a message digest. SHA-1 is no longer considered secure against well-funded opponents.
Set of hash functions designed by the NSA. SHA-256 and SHA-512 are novel hash functions computed with 32-bit and 64-bit words, respectively. They use different shift amounts and additive constants, but their structures are otherwise virtually identical, differing only in the number of rounds.
Articles
This article is written for everybody who is interested in password security.
Books
The book covers many constructions for different tasks in cryptography.
Introduction to modern cryptography.
Learn to build cryptographic protocols that work in the real world.
This book is intended as a reference for professional cryptographers.
Introductory-level treatment of cryptography written from a modern, computer science perspective.
Developer-friendly book on modern cryptography (hashes, MAC codes, symmetric and asymmetric ciphers, key exchange, elliptic curves, digital signatures) with lots of code examples.
This book teaches you applied cryptographic techniques to understand and apply security at every level of your systems and applications.
There is an extraordinary textbook written by Ross Anderson, professor of computer security at University of Cambridge.
A Practical Introduction to Modern Encryption by Jean-Philippe Aumasson.
This book is a digest of the history of cryptography, covering both ancient times, and newer cryptography methods. There are exercises at the end and the solution of those was rewarded with $10.000.
This book provides a comprehensive guide to the various topics of the computer and internet security.
Often overlooked, this book is a boon for beginners to the field. It contains plenty of exercises at the end of each chapter, aimed at reinforcing concepts and cementing ideas.
Courses
Cryptography is present in everyday life, from paying with a credit card to using the telephone. Learn all about making and breaking puzzles in computing.
This talk will cover crypto vulnerabilities in widely-deployed systems and how the smallest oversight resulted in catastrophe.
A practical oriented course in Cryptography by University of Maryland College Park.
This course explains the inner workings of cryptographic primitives and how to correctly use them. Students will learn how to reason about the security of cryptographic constructions and how to apply this knowledge to real-world applications.
The course begins with a detailed discussion of how two parties who have a shared secret key can communicate securely when a powerful adversary eavesdrops and tampers with traffic. We will examine many deployed protocols and analyze mistakes in existing systems.
This online course we will cover how cryptography is the cornerstone of security, and how through its use of different encryption methods, such as ciphers, and public or private keys, you can protect private or sensitive information from unauthorized access.
The course of cryptography by Khan Academy.
Practical Aspects of Modern Cryptography, Winter 2006 University of Washington CSE.
Introduction to Modern Cryptography, Using Cryptography in Practice and at Google, Proofs of Security and Security Definitions and A Special Topic in Cryptography.
Other lists
A curated list of cryptography papers, articles, tutorials and howtos.
✨ Awesome - A curated list of amazing Homomorphic Encryption libraries, software and resources
Standalone
Safely store secrets in Git/Mercurial/Subversion
Certbot is EFF's tool to obtain certs from Let's Encrypt and (optionally) auto-enable HTTPS on your server. It can also act as a client for any other CA that uses the ACME protocol.
Coherence is cryptographic server for modern web apps
Multi-platform transparent client-side encryption of your files in the cloud
Secure end-to-end encrypted file sharing over ssh; forked from openssh.
An engine to make Tor network your default gateway
Simple and flexible tool for managing secrets
A cross platform file encryption utility. Encrypted files are portable across all supported operating systems and processors. [BSD]
End-to-end encrypted sharing via cloud repository, secure recovery through a viral network of friends in case of key loss.
Git
Transparent file encryption in git
Bash-tool to store your private data inside a git repository.
Playgrounds
A simple web tool to play and learn basic concepts of cryptography like, hashing, symmetric, asymmetric, zkp etc.
C
Basic implementations of standard cryptography algorithms, like AES and SHA-1.
A modern, portable, easy to use crypto library.
LibTomCrypt is a fairly comprehensive, modular and portable cryptographic toolkit that provides developers with a vast array of well known published block ciphers, one-way hash functions, chaining modes, pseudo-random number generators, public key cryptography and a plethora of other routines.
VESvault End-to-End Encryption API: Encrypt Everything Without Fear of Losing the Key
Apache milagro (Incubating)
TLS/SSL and crypto library
Great utility for computing hash sums
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
Small portable AES128/192/256 in C
wolfSSL (formerly CyaSSL) is a small, fast, portable implementation of TLS/SSL for embedded devices to the cloud. wolfSSL supports up to TLS 1.3!
Extremely fast non-cryptographic hash algorithm
Cryptographic library developed as a separated module of GnuPG.
small, portable, easy to use crypto library inspired by libsodium and TweetNaCl.
High-speed library for network communication, encryption, decryption, signatures, etc.
C++
free C++ class library of cryptographic schemes
An Implementation of homomorphic encryption
s2n : an implementation of the TLS/SSL protocols
C-sharp
libsodium for .NET - A secure cryptographic library
Platform crypto for portable libraries
.NET crypto done right. Professionally audited.
Stream encryption & decryption with libsodium and protobuf
The .NET Framework implementations of many standard cryptographic algorithms.
Clojure
Clj-crypto is a wrapper for Bouncy Castle which allows you to easily use cryptography in your clojure app.
Fast and easy-to-use Message Digest, Checksum and HMAC library for Clojure
A Clojure library designed to generate cryptographically strong random numbers suitable for managing data such as passwords, account authentication, security tokens, and related secrets.
Common Lisp
Collection of common cryptography functions
An SSH client library for Common Lisp (Built on libssh2)
Delphi
Cryptographic library for Embarcadero Delphi and potentially for FPC as well
Synopse mORMot ORM/SOA/MVC framework
Delphi][FPC]` Open-source crypto library written in Delphi, compatible with Free Pascal Compiler. MD5, SHA1, SHA256, CRC32, Jenkins-One-At-Time, HMAC, PBKDF1, PBKDF2, AES, DES, RC4, RC5, Salsa20.
Elixir
Elixir crypto library to encrypt/decrypt arbitrary binaries
Elixir encryption library designed for Ecto
Password hashing specification for the Elixir programming language
Erlang public_key cryptography wrapper for Elixir
TEA implementation in Elixir
Wrapper around the Erlang crypto module for Elixir.
gpg interface
POT is an Erlang library for generating Google Authenticator compatible one time passwords
An Elixir implementation of the SipHash cryptographic hash family
Erlang
Functions for computation of message digests, and functions for encryption and decryption.
Provides functions to handle public-key infrastructure.
Go
cryptographically secure online voting
Advanced crypto library for the Go language
Port of Google's Keyczar cryptography library to Go
Example source code for the Practical Crypto with Go book.
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
Haskell
Cryptol: The Language of Cryptography
OpenSSL binding for Haskell
Haskell bindings to Colin Percival's scrypt implementation.
Haskell repository of cryptographic primitives.
Haxe
JavaScript
JavaScript Cryptographic Library with performance in mind.
Fast crypto toolkit for modern client-side JavaScript
Google's common JavaScript library
An easy-to-use encryption system utilizing RSA and AES for javascript.
JavaScript library of crypto standards.
Following googlecode project crypto-js, provide standard and secure cryptographic algorithms for NodeJS. Support MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, RC4, Rabbit, AES, DES, PBKDF2, HMAC, OFB, CFB, CTR, CBC, Base64
A native implementation of TLS in Javascript and tools to write crypto-based and network-heavy webapps
The JavaScript Crypto Library provides web developers with an extensive and efficient set of cryptographic functions. The library aims to obtain maximum execution speed while preserving modularity and reusability. The library is released as open source under a BDS license.
Pure-Javascript High-level API to Emscripten-compiled libsodium routines.
A Javascript library to perform OpenSSL RSA Encryption, Decryption, and Key Generation.
Fast and dependency-free cryptographic hashing library for node.js and browsers (supports MD5, SHA1, SHA256, SHA512, RIPEMD, HMAC)
The 'jsrsasign' (RSA-Sign JavaScript Library) is an opensource free cryptography library supporting RSA/RSAPSS/ECDSA/DSA signing/validation, ASN.1, PKCS#1/5/8 private/public key, X.509 certificate, CRL, OCSP, CMS SignedData, TimeStamp, CAdES JSON Web Signature/Token in pure JavaScript.
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
libsodium compiled to Webassembly and pure JavaScript, with convenient wrappers.
VESvault End-to-End Encryption API: Encrypt Everything Without Fear of Losing the Key
Apache milagro
Fastest implementation of BLS12-381 in a scripting language. High-security, auditable, 0-dependency aggregated signatures / zk-snarks over pairing-friendly curve
Fastest JS implementation of ed25519 / ristretto255. High-security, auditable, 0-dependency EDDSA signatures and public keys
Noble RIPEMD160. High-security, easily auditable, 0-dep, 1-file hash function
Fastest JS implementation of secp256k1. High-security, auditable, 0-dependency, 1-file ECDSA & Schnorr signatures.
bcrypt for NodeJs
OpenPGP implementation for JavaScript
PolyCrypt - A pure JS implementation of the WebCrypto API
High-performance pure-javascript SHA1 implementation suitable for large binary data, reaching up to half the native speed.
Stanford Javascript Crypto Library
Port of TweetNaCl cryptographic library to JavaScript
URSA - RSA public/private key OpenSSL bindings for Node.js
Transform encryption library, a variant of proxy re-encryption, for encrypting to users or groups, and easily adding strong data controls to NodeJS apps.
Transform encryption library, a variant of proxy re-encryption, for easily managing end-to-end encryption securely in the browser.
Java
Generalized Diffie-Hellman key exchange Java library built on top of the Vert.x framework
Easy-to-use crypto toolkit
Tink is a multi-language, cross-platform, open source library that provides cryptographic APIs that are secure, easy to use correctly, and hard(er) to misuse.
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
Open Source Identity and Access Management For Modern Applications and Services
A system for distributing and managing secrets
Security engine for Java (authentication, authorization, multi frameworks): OAuth, CAS, SAML, OpenID Connect, LDAP, JWT...
Password4j is a user-friendly cryptographic library that supports Argon2, Bcrypt, Scrypt, PBKDF2 and various cryptographic hash functions.
Java implementation of scrypt
Fluent builders with typesafe API for the JCA
Performs authentication, authorization, cryptography and session management.
All-purpose cryptographic library and JCA provider offering a wide range of functions, from basic helpers to PGP/SMIME operations.
jBCrypt is an implementation the OpenBSD Blowfish password hashing
Java binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library with the awesomeness of libsodium.
Julia
A library that wraps OpenSSL, but also has pure Julia implementations for reference.
Wrapper around mbedtls
Julia wrapper around nettle cryptographic hashing/encryption library providing MD5, SHA1, SHA2 hashing and HMAC functionality, as well as AES encryption/decryption
A performant, 100% native-julia SHA1, SHA2, and SHA3 implementation
Lua
A collection of cryptographic primitives written in pure Lua
Fork of LuaCrypto, which enables encryption and decryption through OpenSSL
Objective-C
Encrypt/Decrypt: AES. Hash: MD5, SHA(SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512). Encode/Decode: Base64, Hex.
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
OpenPGP library for iOS and macOS
CCCryptor (AES encryption) wrappers for iOS and Mac in Swift. -- For ObjC, see RNCryptor/RNCryptor-objc
PHP
Laravel integration for libsodium
Simple Encryption in PHP.
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
TCrypto is a simple and flexible PHP 5.3+ in-memory key-value storage library
Python
Modern(-ish) password hashing for your software and your servers
Charm: A Framework for Rapidly Prototyping Cryptosystems
Quantum-resistent asymmetric key generation tool for digital signatures.
Easily encrypt data in Django
Implementation of hashids (http://hashids.org) in Python. Compatible with Python 2 and Python 3
An easy, fast lib to correctly password-protect your data
A self-contained cryptographic library for Python
Python OpenSSL wrapper. For modern cryptography with ECC, AES, HMAC, Blowfish, ...
Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.
Pure python implmentation of cryptographic algorithms and applications.
Python implementation of the SSHv2 protocol, providing both client and server functionality.
R
scrypt cryptographic functions for R
Ruby
bcrypt-ruby is a Ruby binding for the OpenBSD bcrypt() password hashing algorithm, allowing you to easily store a secure hash of your users' passwords.
Ruby FFI binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library (a.k.a. libsodium)
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
Rust
Mundane is a Rust cryptography library backed by BoringSSL that is difficult to misuse, ergonomic, and performant (in that order).
Highly modular & configurable hash & crypto library
Axolotl Protocol Implementation
A set of cryptographic primitives for building a multi-hop Proxy Re-encryption scheme, known as Transform Encryption.
Safe, fast, small crypto using Rust
A (mostly) pure-Rust implementation of various cryptographic algorithms.
OpenSSL bindings for Rust
A modern TLS library in Rust
Sodium Oxide: Fast cryptographic library for Rust (bindings to libsodium)
[INACTIVE] TLS 1.2 implementation in Rust
WebPKI X.509 Certificate Validation in Rust
Scala
Transform encryption library for Scala
Cryptographic primitives for Scala
Type-safe general-cryptography library - https://jmcardon.github.io/tsec/
Swift
CryptoSwift is a growing collection of standard and secure cryptographic algorithms implemented in Swift
A wrapper for Apple's Common Crypto library written in Swift.
Swift OpenSSL for OS X and Linux
A tiny and easy to use Swift class to encrypt strings using HMAC algorithms.
Safe and easy to use crypto for iOS and macOS
An Elegant crypto toolkit in Swift.
Easy to use cryptographic framework for data protection: secure messaging with forward secrecy and secure data storage. Has unified APIs across 14 platforms.
Blogs
Some random thoughts about crypto.
Official blog for the University of Bristol cryptography research group. It's a group blog, primarily targeted towards cryptographers and crypto students.
Nate Lawson and his co-authors write on a variety of topics including hardware implementation, cryptographic timing attacks, DRM, and the Commodore 64.
Covers topics on encryption, data control, privacy, and security.
One of the oldest and most famous security blogs. Bruce covers topics from block cipher cryptanalysis to airport security.
Mailing lists
Cryptography" is a low-noise moderated mailing list devoted to cryptographic technology and its political impact.
List for general discussion of cryptography, particularly the technical aspects.
Web-tools
Easy to use tools for analysis and code-breaking of the most frequent ciphers, including Vigenère, Beaufort, Keyed Caesar, Transposition Ciphers, etc.
Great variety of ciphers, encryption methods and analysis tools are introduced, often together with illustrated examples.
a web app for encryption, encoding, compression, and data analysis.
Factordb.com is tool used to store known factorizations of any number.
Secure groups, files, and chat for everyone! ![Open-Source Software][OSS Icon] ![Freeware][Freeware Icon]
Web-sites
A lot ready to use best practice examples for securing web servers and more.
Cryptography Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for software developers, mathematicians and others interested in cryptography.
A platform with lots of interactive cryptography challenges, similar to Cryptopals.
A series of applied cryptography challenges, starting from very basic challenges, such as hex to base 64 challanges, and gradually increasing the difficulty up to abstract algebra.
The International Association for Cryptologic Research is a non-profit scientific organization whose purpose is to further research in cryptology and related fields.
Dedicated to helping people understand how and why the cryptographic systems they use everyday without realizing work to secure and protect their privacy.
This subreddit is intended for links and discussions surrounding the theory and practice of strong cryptography.
This specification describes a JavaScript API for performing basic cryptographic operations in web applications, such as hashing, signature generation and verification, and encryption and decryption.